What is Hepatitis B?

• Hepatitis B, commonly referred to as “Hep B”, is a viral infection of the liver. It can present as either a short term (acute) or long term (chronic) infection, meaning while there is no treatment available for Hepatitis B, some people are able to get rid of the virus within 6 months (acute), while others might not be (chronic). 

• Symptoms can include fever, fatigue, low appetite, stomach pain, nausea, abdominal pain, joint pain, clay colored stool, dark urine and/or jaundice. In those who are immunosuppressed, symptoms rarely appear, and in the non-immunosuppressed population only about 30-50% develop symptoms with acute infection.

What are the risks associated with Hepatitis B?

• Since the Hep B vaccine was introduced in the mid 90’s new Hep B infections have dropped sharply. According to the CDC’s most recent report 3370 cases were reported for 2014 for the entire United States. Although since 2015 new cases have gone up in part due to the prevalence of injection drug use and needle sharing.

• Hep B is transmitted via bodily fluids, such as blood, saliva, semen, and can transmit via puncture of the skin and/or mucosal contact with the above fluids. The virus can remain on untreated surfaces for up to 7 days and remain potent and Infectious.

• If entering the body of someone not vaccinated, incubation can be between 30 to 180 days. In some cases (about 5% in non-immunosuppressed adults) acute infections can become chronic and are without symptoms until cirrhosis of the liver sets in, making vaccination and/or screening so important.

• Any fluid transfer involving saliva, semen, and/or blood can provide for transmission. It is very important to follow sterilization protocols for surfaces, implements and toys to avoid transmission.

What treatments are available for those who have contracted the virus?

• There is no treatment for acute infections. In chronic infections there are certain anti-viral treatments and monitoring available to ensure against liver damage.

• However, a vaccine for Hep B exists. Immunity lasts for up to 30 years after the vaccination regimen is complete. This vaccine may be available at low to no cost to you. In some rare instances this vaccine may not be recommended due to allergic reaction. Check with your medical professional.

More resources:

• The CDC has information related to Hep B, prevention methods, and access to treatment. 

• The World Health Organization can direct you to information surrounding rates and current research. 

• Full panel STI testing and treatment is available at the Los Angeles LGBT Center. Regardless of your ability to pay, the Los Angeles LGBT Center provides a sex-positive, sex worker safe clinic.